§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ù §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ö§Û §°§ã§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú, §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §§Ú§Ô§Ñ §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú ?§Ó 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§å. §£§ã§Ö §ï§ä§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ó §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Þ §Ú§ä§à§Ô§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§Þ§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ù§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ó §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ó §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §à§ä 1917?§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ñ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §à ?§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?. §£§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §ã 1922 §á§à 1947 §Ô§à§Õ, §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §Ú§Ù §£§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §¦§Ó§â§à§á§í, §á§Ú§Ü §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§â§Ú§ê§Ö§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ 1930-§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú. §£ 1937 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§à§Õ§ß§ñ§Ý§à §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ã §à§Ò§Ö§Ú§ç §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ï§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§à§â§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ. §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ú§Ý§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä§í §á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ü §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú. §£ 1947 §Ô§à§Õ§å §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§í§ß§Ö§ã§Ý§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.
§²§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä§í, §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ ¡ª §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ú §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö, §Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ ( §à§ä 1947 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ). §°§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Ù §Õ§Ó§å§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó, §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Ó§à§Û§ß§í 1948 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§à 77 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §á§à§Õ§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§à§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Ò¨®§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ. §¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù§Ô§ß§Ñ§ß§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú. §°§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ§ã§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ó§í§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú 181 §á§à§Õ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ö§Þ §ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ñ. §£§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§í 1967 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ú §ï§ä§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú (§ã§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â §¤§Ñ§Ù§Ñ §Ú §©§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§í§Û §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ô §â§Ö§Ü§Ú §ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß), §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §£§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§í§Û §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §Ñ§ß§ß§Ö§Ü§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý. §£§à§Û§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ü§à §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Þ§å §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Þ§å §Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§å §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç, §á§à §á§à§Õ§ã§é§Ö§ä§Ñ§Þ, §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü. §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ú §á§â§à§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §ß§Ñ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§Ú§Ý §ã §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ, §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ö §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ù§Ú§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§í 1973 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ñ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó §Ü §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §£ 1974 §Ô§à§Õ§å §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î, §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §£ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Þ §Ô§à§Õ§å §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §å§é§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ú §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.
§¬§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í
§³§ç§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ã §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ã§à§ð§Ù§à§Þ §á§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§å, §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §³§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §±§Ý§Ñ§ß §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ñ §ä§â§Ú §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú: §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à, §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à (§Ó§í§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§à §ä§Ö§Þ§ß§í§Þ §è§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ) §Ú §Ô§à§â§à§Õ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ (§Ó§í§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß §Ò§Ö§Ý§í§Þ §è§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ), §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §á§à§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§î §á§à§Õ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§å§ð §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§å §à§á§Ö§Ü§Ú. 1947 §Ô§à§Õ, §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü (§§Ö§Û§Ü-§³§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ö§ã§ã). §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
§£§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö
§©§Ñ§Ò§â§à§ê§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§ß§ñ §Ó §¯§Ö§Ô§Ö§Ó§Ö. [1948 §Ô§à§Õ]. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§í
§¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§í §Ú§Ù §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§á§à§â§ä§Ñ §Ó §§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö. [1948 §Ô§à§Õ]. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
§±§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ô§à §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à-§Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ
§¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§í §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ñ§ð§ä §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§í§Û §á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ §ã §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ §â§Ö§Ü§Ú §ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß §Ó §ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §á§à §Þ§à§ã§ä§å §¬§à§â§à§Ý§ñ §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ (§Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §Þ§à§ã§ä §¡§Ý§Ý§Ö§ß§Ò§Ú). 1967 §Ô§à§Õ. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
1977¨C1990 §Ô§à§Õ§í: §§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß, §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §à?§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ú§ß§ä§Ú§æ§Ñ§Õ§Ñ
§£ §Ú§ð§ß§Ö 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §Ó§ä§à§â§Ô§ã§ñ §Ó §§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß §ã §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í. §³§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §à §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§Ô§ß§ñ. §£§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §à§ä§â§ñ§Õ§í §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§í §Ú§Ù §¢§Ö§Û§â§å§ä§Ñ §Ú §Ó§í§Ó§Ö§Ù§Ö§ß§í §Ó §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í. §¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §Ó §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§ñ§ç §³§Ñ§Ò§â§Ñ §Ú §º§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ý§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §â§Ö§Ù§ß§ñ. §£ §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1983 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í: §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §á§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§í§ç §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è §Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§ç, §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ. §£ 1987 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ß§Ñ §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú (§Ú§ß§ä§Ú§æ§Ñ§Õ§Ñ). §®§Ö§ä§à§Õ§í, §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §£ 1988 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §¡§Ý§Ø§Ú§â§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ.
§³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó§ã§Ö §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ó §§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ô§ß§ñ
§³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î ?§ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§é§ß§à? §Ó§í§Ó§Ö§Ý §ã§Ó§à§Ú §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ú§Ù §§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ü §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§Þ. 6 §Ú§ð§ß§ñ 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
§¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í
§¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §°§°§¯ §·§Ñ§Ó§î§Ö§â §±§Ö§â§Ö§ã §Õ§Ö §¬§å§ï§Ý§î§ñ§â §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§Ö §ã §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Á§ã§Ú§â§à§Þ §¡§â§Ñ§æ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ. 27 §Ú§ð§ß§ñ 1988 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
§®§Ú§â§ß§í§Û §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã 1990-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó
§£ 1991 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó §®§Ñ§Õ§â§Ú§Õ§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Þ§Ú§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ, §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ò§í§Ý§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Ô§à §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §á§â§ñ§Þ§í§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §á§à §Õ§Ó§å§Þ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ: §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Û §Ú §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §£ §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Ö §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §å§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í, §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §Ó§à§Õ§à§ã§ß§Ñ§Ò§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§å§ß§Õ§à§Ó §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ñ. §£ 1993 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ñ (?§ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §°§ã§Ý§à?), §Ñ §á§à§Ù§Ø§Ö ¡ª §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ú§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§é§ß§à§Þ§å §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§å §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§Ý, §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ú§å§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§à§ß§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ã§í§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú. §³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú 1993?§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§Ó§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó §à§ä§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Õ§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §à §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó 2000 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó §¬§ï§Þ§á-§¥§ï§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö §Ú §Ó 2001 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó §´§Ñ§Ò§Ö, §ß§à §ß§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§ß§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§à§Þ.
§¹§Ý§Ö§ß§í §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§å§ð§ä §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §à§Ò §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í
§¹§Ý§Ö§ß§í §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§å§ð§ä §Ù§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ð §à§ä §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ö §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ §à §ä§Ö§Ü§å§ë§Ö§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú. 5 §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1990 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
§£§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ú§æ§Ñ§Õ§Ñ, §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ñ, ?§Õ§à§â§à§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ?
§£ 2000 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§Ñ §¡§â§Ú§ï§Ý§ñ §º§Ñ§â§à§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú §§Ú§Ü§å§Õ §ß§Ñ §·§Ñ§â§Ñ§Þ-§Ñ§ê-§º§Ñ§â§Ú§æ (§·§â§Ñ§Þ§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ô§à§â§Ñ) §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö, §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ú§æ§Ñ§Õ§Ñ. §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §á§â§Ú§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ü §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §ß§Ñ §©§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Þ §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§å, §á§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §ß§Ñ §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§ß§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §³§å§Õ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§Þ. §£ 2002 §Ô§à§Õ§å §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ð §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó ¡ª §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í. §£ 2002?§Ô§à§Õ§å §§Ú§Ô§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ . §£ 2003 §Ô§à§Õ§å ?§é§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ü§Ñ? (§³§º§¡, §¦§³, §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ú §°§°§¯) §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó. §£ 2003 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ô§â§å§á§á§Ñ §Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§í§ç §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ä§ñ§ß §Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §à§Ò§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §£ 2005 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §ï§Ó§Ñ§Ü§å§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ó§í§Ó§Ö§Ý §ã§Ó§à§Ú §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ú§Ù §¤§Ñ§Ù§í, §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ó §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Þ§à§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§à§Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§î§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§å§ê§ß§í§Þ §á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§Ó §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§í 2006 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ ?§é§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ü§Ñ? §à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§Ñ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Û §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ð, §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ñ §¤§Ñ§Ù§í §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §·§¡§®§¡§³ §Ó 2007 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý §Ò§Ý§à§Ü§Ñ§Õ§å. §¡§ß§ß§Ñ§á§à§Ý§Ú§ã§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã 2007¨C2008 §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý §Ü §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §à §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ö. §£ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö 2008 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú§Ù?§Ù§Ñ §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ü§Ö§ä§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ý§à§Ó §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§å§ê§ß§í§ç §å§Õ§Ñ§â§à§Ó §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Ý §Ó §¤§Ñ§Ù§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§å§ð §à§á§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð ?§§Ú§ä§à§Û §ã§Ó§Ú§ß§Ö§è?. §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð . §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ §Ó §¤§Ñ§Ù§Ö (? §¤§à§Ý§Õ§ã§ä§à§å§ß§Ñ?).
§±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §é§Ý§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §°§°§¯. §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í
§±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú 2009 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§å§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§å§ð §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å. §£ 2010 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§â§à§Ü§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§à§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §á§à§ä§Ö§â§á§Ö§Ý §ß§Ö§å§Õ§Ñ§é§å §ß§à§Ó§í§Û §â§Ñ§å§ß§Õ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó. §£ 2011 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §®§Ñ§ç§Þ§å§Õ §¡§Ò§Ò§Ñ§ã §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ü§å §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §à §á§â§Ú§Ö§Þ§Ö §Ó §é§Ý§Ö§ß§í §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §À§¯§¦§³§¬§° §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ó §â§ñ§Õ§í §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó. §£ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö 2012 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §¡§Þ§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ö §á§â§à§ê§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à-§á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í. §£ §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§Ö §ß§à§Ó§í§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ú §¤§Ñ§Ù§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§à§Û §á§â§Ú §á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ñ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §à §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§Ô§ß§ñ. 29 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2012 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ, §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ 2014 §Ô§à§Õ §ã §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ. §¯§à§Ó§í§Û §â§Ñ§å§ß§Õ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó, §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§í§Û §Ó 2013 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ú§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ó §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§Ö 2014 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ. §£ §Ú§ð§Ý§Ö¨C§Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ö 2014 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ú §¤§Ñ§Ù§à§Û §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §Ó§ã§á§í§ç§ß§å§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §£ 2016 §Ô§à§Õ§å §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð §à §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç. §£ 2017 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §³§º§¡ §à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ, §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §é§Ö§Ô§à §á§à§ã§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §³§º§¡ §Ú §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§í §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ. §£ 2020 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §á§â§Ú §á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §³§º§¡, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§í §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à §ß§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ú §°§¡§¿, §¢§Ñ§ç§â§Ö§Û§ß§à§Þ, §³§å§Õ§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §Ú §®§Ñ§â§à§Ü§Ü§à (?§³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¡§Ó§â§Ñ§Ñ§Þ§Ñ?).
§£§à§Û§ß§Ñ §Ó §¤§Ñ§Ù§Ö, §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §ã§å§Õ
15 §Þ§Ñ§ñ 2023 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §á§à §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§Ö §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú, §°§°§¯ §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý§Ñ 75-§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö §¯§Ñ§Ü§Ò§í. §£ §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 2023 §Ô. §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ü§â§å§á§ß§à§Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§ß§í§Ö? §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ú §¤§Ñ§Ù§à§Û. §À§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü §Ó §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §ã§å§Õ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ, §à§Ò§Ó§Ú§ß§ñ§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §Ó §Ô§Ö§ß§à§è§Ú§Õ§Ö. §±§à§Ü§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Ý§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §³§å§Õ §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ô§Ö§ß§à§è§Ú§Õ, §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô §Ú §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §¤§Ñ§Ù§Ö, §Ú §á§â§Ö§ã§Ö§é§î §á§à§Õ§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ü §Ô§Ö§ß§à§è§Ú§Õ§å.§£ 2024 §Ô§à§Õ§å §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §ã§å§Õ §Ó§í§ß§Ö§ã §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ? §ß§Ñ §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§Þ. §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß §á§à§Ü§Ú§ß§å§ä§î §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ð §Ó §Ü§â§Ñ§ä§é§Ñ§Û§ê§Ú§Ö §ã§â§à§Ü§Ú, §ï§Ó§Ñ§Ü§å§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò. §¤§Ö§ß§Ñ§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §°§°§¯? ?§à§ä §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §Ü§à§ß§Ö§è §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö 12 §Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§è§Ö§Ó.
§±§â§Ö§ã§ã-§Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§é§Ú ?§é§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ü§Ú?
§³§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à: §£§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§Û §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ð§Ù§Ñ §á§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §Ó§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ö§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §·§Ñ§Ó§î§Ö§â §³§à§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §®§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §¶§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ª§Ô§à§â§î §ª§Ó§Ñ§ß§à§Ó, §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §¬§à§æ§Ú §¡§ß§ß§Ñ§ß §Ú §¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §¬§à§Ý§Ú§ß §±§Ñ§å§ï§Ý§Ý §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§ã§ã-§Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú. 26 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2003 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
§¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ, §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û
§¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð §à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ, §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §²§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ñ 138 §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó 9 §á§â§Ú 41 §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Þ§ã§ñ. §±§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §®§Ñ§ç§Þ§å§Õ §¡§Ò§Ò§Ñ§ã (§Ó §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Þ §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö) §ã§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ö §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö§Û §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. 29 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2012 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü. §¶§à§ä§à §°§°§¯.
§®§Ñ§ç§Þ§å§Õ §¡§Ò§Ò§Ñ§ã (§Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §ã§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ñ), §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ, §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§â§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Ú, §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ 75-§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ð §¯§Ñ§Ü§Ò§í, §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ §á§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, 15 §Þ§Ñ§ñ 2023 §Ô.