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The study highlights how climate change acts as a threat multiplier that worsens existing governance, justice, and security challenges across West Africa and the Sahel. It finds a strong correlation between climate vulnerability, insecurity, state fragility, and weak adherence to the rule of law, showing that environmental degradation, resource scarcity, livelihood loss, displacement, and cross-border criminality place increasing pressure on already fragile institutions. The study argues that strengthening the rule of law is essential for building climate resilience, preventing conflict, protecting vulnerable populations, and advancing climate justice.